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With regard to proxy (or vicarious) consent, the authors hold the following:
{ 1 } - Proxy consent is licit in nontherapeutic experimentation when the risk is minimal.
{ 2 } - Proxy consent for children and others who cannot consent for themselves to "minimal risk" is legitimately interpreted as a form of presumed consent.
{ 3 } - Theories based on what the ward ought to do if the ward could consent are convincing.
{ 4 } - When a guardian or proxy consents to subject a ward to experimentation, he may not do so on the grounds of the presumed consent of the ward, which is merely hypothetical, but must do so on the grounds of the actual need of the ward for care.
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1 is wrong. Please try again.
With regard to proxy (or vicarious) consent, the authors hold the following:
{ 1 } - Proxy consent is licit in nontherapeutic experimentation when the risk is minimal.
{ 2 } - Proxy consent for children and others who cannot consent for themselves to "minimal risk" is legitimately interpreted as a form of presumed consent.
{ 3 } - Theories based on what the ward ought to do if the ward could consent are convincing.
{ 4 } - When a guardian or proxy consents to subject a ward to experimentation, he may not do so on the grounds of the presumed consent of the ward, which is merely hypothetical, but must do so on the grounds of the actual need of the ward for care.
See p. 351.
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2 is wrong. Please try again.
With regard to proxy (or vicarious) consent, the authors hold the following:
{ 1 } - Proxy consent is licit in nontherapeutic experimentation when the risk is minimal.
{ 2 } - Proxy consent for children and others who cannot consent for themselves to "minimal risk" is legitimately interpreted as a form of presumed consent.
{ 3 } - Theories based on what the ward ought to do if the ward could consent are convincing.
{ 4 } - When a guardian or proxy consents to subject a ward to experimentation, he may not do so on the grounds of the presumed consent of the ward, which is merely hypothetical, but must do so on the grounds of the actual need of the ward for care.
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3 is wrong. Please try again.
With regard to proxy (or vicarious) consent, the authors hold the following:
{ 1 } - Proxy consent is licit in nontherapeutic experimentation when the risk is minimal.
{ 2 } - Proxy consent for children and others who cannot consent for themselves to "minimal risk" is legitimately interpreted as a form of presumed consent.
{ 3 } - Theories based on what the ward ought to do if the ward could consent are convincing.
{ 4 } - When a guardian or proxy consents to subject a ward to experimentation, he may not do so on the grounds of the presumed consent of the ward, which is merely hypothetical, but must do so on the grounds of the actual need of the ward for care.
See p. 351.
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4 is correct!
With regard to proxy (or vicarious) consent, the authors hold the following:
{ 1 } - Proxy consent is licit in nontherapeutic experimentation when the risk is minimal.
{ 2 } - Proxy consent for children and others who cannot consent for themselves to "minimal risk" is legitimately interpreted as a form of presumed consent.
{ 3 } - Theories based on what the ward ought to do if the ward could consent are convincing.
{ 4 } - When a guardian or proxy consents to subject a ward to experimentation, he may not do so on the grounds of the presumed consent of the ward, which is merely hypothetical, but must do so on the grounds of the actual need of the ward for care.
See p. 351.
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