{ 1 } - acts are morally specified by their intention.
{ 2 } - acts can be morally specified as intrinsically evil (evil in themselves).
{ 3 } - acts are morally specified by their circumstances.
{ 4 } - acts are morally specified by their moral object.

St. Thomas thinks that some acts, such as killing the innocent and adultery are evil in themselves and always wrong. Proportionalists do not think so. They think, for example, that one could not properly judge as morally evil the act of deciding to directly kill an innocent baby without considering the circumstances and the further intention of why one was making the decision. See p. 161.